The various advantages of the intermediary world of sciences has been the development as well as invention of some of the most revolutionary instruments and technologies that have really given the world of sciences and technologies a great leap in every sense of the term. One such technique that is the result of such interdisciplinary endeavors and has been very helpful in diagnosing and treating variety of diseases that had been considered incurable or at least difficult to treat till date is the technique of radiology. The technique of radiology involves study as well as application of imaging technologies in order to diagnose as well as treat various diseases. Some of these imaging technologies that are used are computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and ultra sound.
It has been observed that a very high percentage of elderly women either suffer or die from the disease of breast cancer. This is really a cause of worry and warranties immediate attention of the medical scientists as well as the other concerned agencies. One type of imaging diagnostic technique that has proved to be very helpful in detecting the breast cancer in women in the early stages is the technique of mammography. In the technique of mammography, the breast of the patient is slightly compressed by the mammography machine in order to get a good quality image. In this technique of mammography, the front as well as the side images of the breast of the patient is taken to get a better understanding of the extent of the cancer. It is strictly advised that the patient before undergoing the procedure of mammography does not uses any cosmetic or other substance as that might interfere with the X-ray and result in vague images.
In the recent years, two different techniques have been developed to conduct mammography in the patients. They are:
- The digital mammography: In this technique of mammography, solid state detectors are used in order to convert X-rays into electrical signals.
- Computer aided detection (CAD): In this technique the digital images of the breast are taken that can help the software in detecting any conspicuous abnormality in the region or any other sign that might indicate the presence of cancer.
Since the time the mammography screening has started, it has been observed that there has been a significant drop in the deaths due to the breast cancer among women and particularly the elderly women. Although there are still some sections in the medical community as well as the other concerned authorities that are not in favor of mammography yet it has been observed that the technique of mammography has really been a lot helpful in making an early detection of the breast cancer in the women.
There is another method of radiology known as the interventional radiology is the carrying out of medical techniques using minimal invasive techniques. The technical people who are responsible for carrying out the radiological techniques are known as radiologists or radiologic technologist. The technique of radiology has been the cornerstone of the medical procedures for more than a century now. The various imaging techniques that are used by the radiologists help them in the correct diagnosis as well as treatment of a variety of diseases. In particular these techniques have really proved to be very helpful in diagnosing as well as treating some of the most perilous diseases like cancer.
Apart from getting the critically important images for the treatment of diseases, this technique can also be used to guide other medical techniques that are more invasive in nature. In many of the invasive treatment methods a careful guidance of the instruments is required through those areas of the body that are not easily visible. In procedures like angioplasty, and radiograms, imaging techniques like fluorescent markers, ultrasound, and MRI are used.
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